Transformative Impacts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Extended Reality (XR) on Biomedical Engineering (BME): Innovations, Implications, Challenges, Opportunities

1 Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
2 Computer Science & Software Engineering (CSSE), Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB), Bangladesh
* Corresponding author. Email: zarifbinakhtarg@gmail.com (Z.B.A.); zarifbinakhtar@ieee.org (Z.B.A)
Manuscript submitted June 6, 2024; revised June 26, 2024; accepted July 1, 2024.

Abstract—The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Extended Reality (XR) has heralded a new era in the field of Biomedical Engineering, offering unprecedented avenues for innovation, diagnostics, treatment, and education. This research delves into the symbiotic relationship between AI and XR, unraveling their collective potential to revolutionize healthcare practices. AI, characterized by its ability to learn and adapt, has transcended its role within data analysis to become an indispensable tool in healthcare. Through advanced algorithms, AI can predict disease patterns, enhance medical imaging, and optimize treatment protocols. On the other hand, XR technologies, encompassing Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR), immerse users in virtual environments, facilitating interactive and experiential learning and treatment methods. This research focuses on the study that inspects with the integration of AI and XR in biomedical applications, illuminating their role in diagnosis, treatment, and training. AI-driven image analysis augments medical imaging, expediting disease identification and tracking treatment progress. XR, through its immersive nature, empowers surgeons with detailed anatomical insights during procedures and aids in rehabilitation through engaging simulations. The synergistic marriage of AI and XR also redefines medical education by offering immersive training experiences to healthcare practitioners and bridging the gap between theory and practice. Furthermore, ethical considerations and challenges emerge as these technologies evolve. Privacy concerns, data security, and the need for regulatory frameworks are paramount in this dynamic landscape. Striking the right balance between innovation and patient safety remains an imperative task. In the context of this research, the fusion of AI and XR from a biomedical engineering perspective holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare. As AI refines diagnostics and treatment strategies, XR provides a tangible platform for immersive experiences that enhance training and therapeutic interventions. This research navigates the landscape of this transformative convergence, shedding light on its profound implications for Biomedical Engineering and the well-being of patients worldwide. .

keywords—Artificial Intelligence (AI), Bioinformatics, Biomedical Engineering (BME), Biomedical image processing, computer vision, Extended Reality (XR), Deep Learning (DL), healthcare informatics, Machine Learning (ML), Mixed Reality (MR), Virtual Reality (VR).

Cite: Zarif Bin Akhtar and Ahmed Tajbiul Rawol"Transformative Impacts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Extended Reality (XR) on Biomedical Engineering (BME): Innovations, Implications, Challenges, Opportunities ," Journal of Advances in Artificial Intelligence vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 60-78, 2024.

Copyright © 2024 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).